Week4 respiratory case study An 11-year-old boy complains of wheezing and difficulty “getting enough air.” He notices it more when he is playing baseball, and symptoms improve when exercise activity stops. He says that the symptoms are getting worse, and the symptoms are even occurring at rest. Respiratory Case Study-11-Year-Old Boy His mother says the child is allergic to cat dander, and his next-door neighbor in their apartment building recently began sheltering cats for the local humane society. Auscultation demonstrates wheezes on forced expiration throughout all lung fields. Answer and Analyze these topics. The cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes that result in the patient presenting these symptoms. Any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning. How these processes interact to affect the patient. Answer the questions using APA format – title page, introduction, body of the paper, conclusion, and a Reference page. Includ

Respiratory Case Study-11-Year-Old Boy

This paper analyzes a case study of an 11-year-old boy who presents symptoms of obstructive pulmonary disease during physical activity. The same symptoms are presented when the boy is exposed to cat dander. This article examines the cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes that result in the patient displaying these symptoms, how race/ethnicity alters physiological functioning, and how race/ethnicity interacts with physiological processes to affect the patient.

Asthma may be diagnosed in the boy. The wheezing on forced expiration in all lung areas demonstrated by auscultation confirms the diagnosis of asthma in this case. The pathophysiologic mechanism that causes these symptoms is inflammation of the airways. The inflammation of the airways can occur due to exercising, infections, allergies, and other environmental and biological factors. The inflammation of the airways results in bronchoconstriction, which narrows the boy’s airways, leading to wheezing and difficulty breathing. Race and ethnicity, although not biological factors, can influence physiological functioning. Race or ethnicity are identified as major factors that largely contribute to the notable racial disparities in cardiovascular health and conditions (Wolf et al., 2020).

There are various ways in which race or ethnicity can interact with physiological processes to affect the patient’s health. For instance, racial identity is a significant factor for health as it is linked to socioeconomic factors that determine an individual’s neighbourhood and risk levels of exposure to childhood asthma among White, Black, and Hispanic children (Zanobetti et al., 2022). Conclusively, the boy is asthmatic, which is exacerbated by exercising and exposure to dander. Asthma develops due to constriction of the airways, which leads to difficulties in breathing. Race as a socioeconomic factor of health can affect the physiological functioning of the lungs and the heart and increase the risk of asthma.

References

Wolf, S. T., Jablonski, N. G., Kenney, W. L., St, W., Ng, J., & Kenney, W. L. (2020). Examining “race” in physiology. American Journal of Psychology, 319(6). https://doi.org/10.1152/AJPHEART.00698.2020

Zanobetti, A., Ryan, P. H., Coull, B., Brokamp, C., Datta, S., Blossom, J., Lothrop, N., Miller, R. L., Beamer, P. I., Visness, C. M., Andrews, H., Bacharier, L. B., Hartert, T., Johnson, C. C., Ownby, D., Hershey, G. K. K., Joseph, C., Yiqiang, S., Mendonça, E. A., … Liu, Z. (2022). Childhood Asthma Incidence, Early and Persistent Wheeze, and Neighborhood Socioeconomic Factors in the ECHO/CREW Consortium. JAMA Pediatrics, 176(8), 759–767. https://doi.org/10.1001/